depends on how you define success
if success is building communism, where everything is free and eveyrone equal - then no, but in some countries communist movements succeded in overthrowing the entrenched political elites which like parasites where milking the working class without any respect for their right.
Of course in the process the capitalist elites were replaced with Nomenklatura elite of the party, rulling the country as a separate class of people, while pretending that they destroy the any class distinctions and make everyone equal.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomenklatura
But party Nomenklatura elite itself becomes entranched in power and distances itself from people, while lying that disempowered people are in fact rulling the country somehow. Like how the fact is the communist country ruled by workers if workers can't even protest, while party Nomenklatura elites can establish the norm of the work day for a worker? And Nomenklatura can raise salary for itself and reduce the work day for itself. But workers can't. Nomenklatura becomes new parasite class of elites that abuse the worker, while lying that they represent the workers and one blood with it.